This is an example from the Chicago-born architectural style called the Prairie Style, of which the renowned Wright was a part. The Monk by the Sea (1808 – 1810) by Caspar David Friedrich, located in the Alte Nationalgalerie in Berlin, Germany Caspar David Friedrich, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons Robie House (1909) designed by the architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Think of a time when you needed to choose this type of format for a photo frame.Įxamples of line in art that depict horizontality can be seen in architectural structures which will appear sturdier, like the Frederick C. This can be in a horizontal format or orientation, which is termed a “landscape” orientation compared to the “portrait” orientation, which is vertical. The implied horizontal format can also relate to the physical nature of an artwork, in other words, its form. This leads to implied horizontal lines that we cannot visibly see as a line itself. We can either visibly see horizontal lines in artworks, which are typically straight lines, but not always some horizontal lines can be curvier, but imply horizontality. Robie House, built by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1909 Teemu08, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons In other words, parallel lines (orthogonals) converge at a focal or vanishing point on the horizon line in the visual composition. They can also convey distance and space through linear perspective, which creates depth and three-dimensionality in a two-dimensional (flat) visual composition like a canvas or piece of paper. Horizontal lines are often attributed to qualities like restfulness, calmness, solidity, or steadiness because it lies in line with the earth. They are usually described as being straight lines that are “flat” and “parallel” to the earth’s horizon, which is the line we see when the sky meets the earth or where the sky meets the ocean. Horizontal lines move from left to right, or right to left, in other words across. We will discuss these in more detail below. It is also important to note that any type of line can be short or long, thick, or thin. Line in art comes in different lengths, shapes, and sizes, for example, curved, zigzag, spiral, wavy, horizontal, vertical, diagonal, and more. Now that we have a bit of context around where line as an element of art fits, what is a line in art all about and how does it make a difference to an artwork? Below we will discuss the several main types of lines and what they look like. There can be numerous art principles at play in one artwork. Furthermore, these would also create a sense of unity of the overall artwork. For example, lines would be applied in repetitions or patterns to emphasize speed. If the goal is to create an artwork to convey speed, the art principles of rhythm and movement will direct how the elements of art are applied. They are also like formal art tools, however, they can function as the organizing principles around how to apply the elements of art. Some of the main principles of art are unity, harmony, contrast, variety, repetition, rhythm, movement, pattern, proportion, scale, balance, and emphasis. Together with the principles of art, otherwise also referred to as the principles of design, they can create almost hundreds of different effects in a piece of art. The elements of art can be applied in unison or isolated for specific purposes. These are formal art tools that are applied to create a visual art composition and can span across all fine arts like sculptures, drawings, paintings, photography, graphic arts, as well as architecture, and even interior design. Line in art comprises one of the seven most known elements of art, the other six being form, shape, value, color, texture, and space. Before we look at the types of lines in art let us contextualize them within a larger scope of the elements and principles of art. Sometimes we see lines clearly and sometimes we do not, but they are there. Line is fundamental to any artwork’s overarching form or shape.
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